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Al igual que los profesionales y empresarios utilizan ordenadores a la hora de desempeñar su trabajo sin tener un conocimiento experto sobre la informática, muchos de ellos se ven “obligados” a utilizar la información contable sin ser expertos contables.
Básicamente, la contabilidad es una técnica que tiene por objeto producir información sobre la realidad económica de la empresa. Mediante ella se registra, ordena, valora y resume cualquier operación que modifique el “patrimonio” de la compañía, entendido este como el conjunto de bienes y derechos (lo que tiene) y obligaciones (lo que debe).
Desde la perspectiva de un no experto que tenga responsabilidades en la empresa, la información contable habrá de ser la base sobre la que tomar decisiones económicas y financieras, tales como realizar una inversión, recurrir a financiación ajena o propia o decidir la contratación de trabajadores. Es en este contexto donde cobra especial importancia saber utilizar los datos que produce la contabilidad sin ser contables, así como entender qué dicen los estados contables, fundamentalmente los dos principales: balance y cuenta de pérdidas y ganancias.
Mientras que el balance representa una fotografía estática de la situación patrimonial de la empresa en un momento dado, es decir, lo que invierte y cómo lo está financiando, la cuenta de pérdidas y ganancias es una película que refleja la valoración y descripción de los ingresos y gastos, así como de los resultados de la empresa, durante un período de tiempo.
Existen una serie de herramientas, relativamente sencillas, que pueden ayudar a entender la información de los estados contables básicos y a tomar decisiones en base a ellos. Entre ellas destacan las masas patrimoniales y partidas significativas, que agrupan las cuentas contables de estos estados para facilitar su análisis e interpretación, y los ratios, que relacionan dos variables (ya sean estas masas o partidas), de tal modo que su resultado es más significativo que el de cada variable tomado por separado.
Con el curso de Análisis Financiero Básico de Fundación Confemetal, conseguirás interpretar los conceptos contables básicos, entender qué dicen el balance y la cuenta de pérdidas y ganancias, además de conocer las principales medidas para analizar la situación financiera de la empresa.
Mario Cantalapiedra – Economista
[learn_press_profile]
INFORMACIÓN SOBRE LA PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS
La utilización en esta web del masculino cuando nos referimos a mujeres y hombres en el trabajo colectivo, no tiene intención discriminatoria alguna, sino la de aplicar la ley lingüística de la economía expresiva, para facilitar la lectura con el menor esfuerzo posible.
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